I'm thinking maybe something like you could trade with them... or destroy them for their relegious loot! If you steal their holy item (mabe something cool) they would wage war on you to recover their holy sword of truth or mallet of making! (or something similar):barefeet:
I think that's a pretty cool idea. I really hope that there are aliens you can have social encounters with like this. Since Starbound is an exploration game, I think that being a peaceful traveler should be an option (does not apply to feral/hostile creatures, since they attack you first).