How do you save everything remotely?

I very possibly am going to need to switch to a new computer soon and completely wipe most of my computer. Well, that's sort of the case with both computers, actually.
I haven't been able to successfully research how make it all work, even less so on both Mac and Windows systems. I play on the Mac, and my brother plays on the Windows, so I need to save some stuff on both.
On the Windows computer, we (presumably) only need to save his character, as he always joins me. Although I'm not 100% certain if that includes his ship as well. If that is saved differently, then I'd need that too.
For me, I need all the bits. Character save, ship (if it is indeed separate), universe, and all the mission type stuff if it isn't saved in the universe or character saves.
From what I understand, the universe is not character specific, since, supposedly, you can go to the same planet with a different character and find their stuff.
Thanks ahead of time.

 

For Windows 7/8/10 it's C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Starbound\storage. Copy that directory (erm… folder) into a USB flash drive.

I don't know what it is for Mac. Sorry.