I think it would be nice to have additional fuel sources in addition to our current sources. -Charcoal has already been suggested -Gasoline: find pockets of petroleum underground and put it through a distiller crafting station to turn it into gasoline -Ethanol: Put sugars (maybe other plant products too) into the distiller to make ethanol. This would allow us to set up farms to grow our own fuel. -Rocket fuel: Stick water in an electrolyser crafting station to separate the oxygen and hydrogen and then cryogenically freeze them to produce liquid rocket fuel. This would be a high-tier method of fuel creation.
I've added some different rocket fuels and a BioFuel, you can check them out on my mod here: http://community.playstarbound.com/index.php?resources/spacefuel-tamefoxx.8/